The Revolution of Digital Technology

Acquaintance Digital Revolution alludes with the adjustment in innovation that has been going on over the most recent 40 years from simple innovation and mechanical innovation to the computerized technology.Advertising We will compose a custom article test on The Revolution of Digital Technology explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The transformation have been portrayed by quick improvements in the data innovation with the PCs becoming,faster,cheaper,powerful and littler and this has data innovation to be a vital part of lives as it is installed in practically all the items and individuals are modifying extremely quick to the fast pace that the data condition is evolving. Different advancements that have been acknowledged most definitely incorporates the computerized TV, computerized democracy,gaming,mobile telephone, the internet, online social networking,vitual networks, music and interactive media, computerized partition among others. The accompanying paper cover s the issues identifying with the upheaval of data and the difficulties that are prevent the viable transformation of computerized innovation. History and timetable of advanced innovation The development of individual process in the mid twentieth century upgraded the creation of new advances by merging the past simple innovation to computerized design. This made it conceivable to make indistinguishable duplicates of the first and subsequently the capacity of getting to and circulating data remotely between media. A huge advancement most definitely is the progress of music from simple to recorded computerized one in they mid 1980s (Hoare,1998). The entire marvel behind computerized upheaval began with the innovation of a transistor which thus encouraged the development of a chip. The chip saw the improvement of the PCs and it was the development of the PCs that cleared route for other computerized gadgets that are available today. The transistor that encouraged the innovation of comp uterized PCs was designed in 1947 thus the PCs went onto being in the mid 1950s and it was just the administration, military and the associations that had the PC systems.As an aftereffect of advanced PCs development, the World Wide Web was created.Advertising Looking for exposition on software engineering? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The PCs were later created during the 1970s where the time sharing between PCs was successfully figured it out. The overall population got comfortable with the PCs during the 1980s in the industrialized countries, for example, U.S, Geramny, France among others. In this way individuals purchased the PCs for home and business use.Many individuals got familiar with the PCs and furthermore numerous occupations were made subsequently. It is likewise during the 1980s that the principal mobile phone was made by Motorola (Creeber Martin, 2008). The period somewhere in the range of 1990s and 2000 was a dditionally described by noteworthy improvements in the advanced time. Initially, the web was discharged by the World Wide Web thus numerous organizations got the opportunity of promoting themselves. Individuals from the created countries were the principal recipient of web innovation yet the computerized unrest in the long run spread to the whole globe in 1990s suggesting that even individuals from the creating nations had the entrance to web. The wireless was likewise evolved in this time however a lot later which had the impact of upgrading correspondence among individuals. The Social-monetary Impacts of advanced unrest The unrest of computerized innovation has had both positive just as negative effect undoubtedly. The constructive effects of the insurgency of the computerized innovation incorporate the way that it has improved interconnectedness among individuals. The interconnectedness has decreased expenses and time similar to sending and accepting the data is concerned. Previ ously, individuals used to go through much cash in a request to pass on data (Hofstede, 1997). The computerized innovation has likewise made data to be effectively open not at all like previously and this have come about to incredible proficiency in associations and subsequently empowering them to accomplish their destinations. The World Wide Web has been of much help as it has encouraged the redistributing by the organizations and consequently improving collaboration between the companies.Advertising We will compose a custom paper test on The Revolution of Digital Technology explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The new developments have likewise achieved financial development through globalization whereby one can even purchase and sell items online without fundamentally voyaging significant distances so as to do exchanges thus regular day to day existence of individuals have been made simpler. Electronic business because of web permits effectiveness on the consume r’s costs for merchandise and ventures on the grounds that agents which have the impact of expanding the costs are disposed of as the provider can sell their products legitimately to the customers. The negative impacts because of upheaval of computerized innovation incorporates the way that the companies’ efficiency is frequently diminished as representatives invests a lot of energy seeking after their own advantages utilizing the advanced gadgets that are found in the work environment for example playing PC games, visiting on the informal community locales, for example, facebook and twitter,accesing messages e.t.c. The other pessimistic effect the extent that the upset of advanced innovation is concerned is that there is less security on the grounds that the data that is put away in the computerized gadgets is helpless to be gotten to by individuals who were not proposed to see it. A portion of the data that is found in they web for example may not be appropriate for individuals of any age, for example, underage as it have untrustworthy components, for example, sex entertainment e.t.c. because of the way that associations just as people are permitted to distribute any point at all to the world everywhere at insignificant costs (World Culture Report, 1998). This has been a significant worry for some guardians as the understudies execution in schools keep on weakening since they invests quite a bit of their energy either tuning in to music with their iPods, downloading music, watching motion pictures and video cuts e.t.c.instead of amassing in their investigations (Creeber Martin, 2008). There has likewise been an expansion in cheats the extent that the transformation in computerized innovation is concerned for example the digital wrongdoing with the World Wide Web which has come about to colossal misfortunes among the people in question (Vikas, 2002).Advertising Searching for paper on software engineering? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More Difficulties of advanced upheaval The way towards computerized insurgency has not been all smooth as it has been met with difficulties and the fundamental one being computerized partition (Challoner Gribbin, 2002). The hole between the individuals who approach data innovation and the individuals who don't have is very wide and this has made the upset in advanced innovation not to be uniform in light of the fact that there are social orders that keeps on falling behind and coming about into computerized separate. The computerized separate happens for the most part in the low evolved countries with numerous individuals being ignorant of the current advanced advances thus the transformation procedure can't be done adequately as the individuals behind upheaval can't have the option to get criticism on the current items. Another test that is normal in the advanced unrest is the rate at which the development happens inferring that ones computerized contraptions just as projects are consist ently at a danger of getting old because of the upheaval of increasingly powerful ones and thus an individual will be required to look for the computerized gadgets that are as of now being used which is somewhat exorbitant (Hofstede, 1997). There are likewise worries about trademarks and copyrights because of insurgency of the computerized innovation as shoppers have come about to copying the first ensured works as opposed to buying the first item from the producers. The music and film industry is the one that has been significantly influenced by these infringement. This has thus prompted the slaughtering of the resolve of the first producers. The rise of fake items in the market have likewise made it hard for the buyers both separate between the first items and the phony ones and this have the impact of upsetting the item development Conclusion The advanced transformation have prodded financial development because of the advancements and with the PCs coming, data the executives abo ut items, individuals and procedures got essential in every single part of the economy. The insignificant intermingling of correspondence, registering and the substance upgraded the advanced transformation just as computerized economy. In today’s world, social orders have sufficient framework concerning data and correspondence innovation as upset despite everything proceeds and along these lines receiving rewards because of the progression in innovation. As rivalry increments in organizations, advancement is being considered as the key factor for progress thus there is have to energize the immature countries to be inventive enough so they can have the option to contend successfully with the created countries (Hofstede, 1997). Reference List Challoner, J. Gribbin, J (2002).The Digital Revolution. London: DK Pub Creeber, G. Martin, R. (2008).Digital societies. London: Open University Press. Hoare, S. (1998).Digital Revolutiion: twentieth century developments. Whyman: Raintree S teck-Vaughn. Hofstede, G. (1997).Culture and Organizations Software of the Mind. New York: McGraw Hill. Vikas, M. (2002).Annals of Indian Language Computing: Goa International. UK: Conference on Universal Knowledge and Language. World Culture Report. (1998).Cult

Around making life seem like a déjàvu Essay

It is very momentous how the ways of the world spin around causing life to appear to be a this feels familiar. This makes it hard to adhere to a meaningful boundary speculating on the off chance that we are as yet dreaming or effectively wakeful. Everyone's eyes are by and by attracted to an hour glass being turned over again and again. In any case, this time around, the outcomes are destroying and the outcomes, disastrous. What's more, as buzzword as it might sound, we hear the inquiry again, did history rehash itself? Believe it or not, we are continually shelled with all these supposed defenses for pursuing the ever dubious war in Iraq. As chatty and convincing as the maestros of the war in Iraq may sound, the tune of their ensemble is seen as needing. The slant that bolsters the war in Iraq is basically established on supposed data that Iraq has and are creating weapons of mass pulverization. What's more, U. S. authorities have guaranteed that Saddam Hussein is supporting the al-Queda and other fear based oppressor gatherings (Hayes, 1). With these essential reasons put forward, one explanation after another began to jump out like undesirable mushrooms in a nursery. The Americans at that point guaranteed of human rights manhandles made by the Iraqi government. Besides, the Americans have this deception that they have the municipal and good obligation to elevate popular government to this piece of the world. What's more, finally however unquestionably not the least, there is likewise the most beneficial explanation of all, the Iraqi oil holds which as per the U. S. is in effect inappropriately took care of by the Iraqi government by destabilizing impact to the progression of oil to worldwide markets from the Middle East creation this an unsatisfactory hazard. In light of all these, America at that point propelled their supposed pre-emptive strike taking advantage of urgently for each lucky break and partner they might get. From a specific perspective, it tends to be said that they got triumphant. They are triumphant for â€Å"waging† or â€Å"starting† a war however not successful in the war itself. This on the grounds that in spite of the incomprehensibility of the land they have vanquished and notwithstanding the several thousands foes they put down, by the day's end, in war, no one is a champ. There is just anguish, decimation and passing. Individuals consider the attack a â€Å"fatal mistake† (Gunaratna, 98). The most irritating and bothering truth the individuals of the world including the Americans acknowledged is that there are no weapons of mass decimation. There is no evidence that Saddam Hussein helped out the al-Queda or any psychological militant gatherings and the dread of Saddam’s control is simply theory (Shuster, 1). There is no verification of the human rights mishandles which the U. S. authorities charged at the Iraqi government. What's more, the figment of declaring majority rules system to Iraq is in reality still a hallucination. All things considered, there is the issue on the oil saves blunder. Notwithstanding, in all actuality the â€Å"mismanagement† that is affirmed here just alludes to the refusal to help out U. S. as to the exchange on the oil saves. Along these lines, this whole war doesn't appear to pivot upon savage non-existent organic weapons, nor an issue the war on fear based oppression, nor that which concerns human rights or vote based system. Everything boiled down to a barrel of oil. Be that as it may, for the individuals who find such a reality unfathomable or vast, simply tally the what number of lives died paying little heed to their nationality. What number of youngsters were stranded, relatives grieving and homes pulverized. Is a person’s life worth for battling this good for nothing war? A great many people on the planet know the torment of losing someone. Well envision the detestations of losing someone you care about for something not even considerably significant throughout the entire existence of humankind. It is difficult to try and mull over that the a huge number of dollars spent to execute innumerable lives in this war could have spent endless lives from appetite, infections and destitution. Here again is war like those before it. Notwithstanding, this time around, the outcomes are wrecking and the outcomes, cataclysmic. What's more, as prosaism as it might sound, we hear the inquiry again, did history rehash itself?Well, we understand that history doesn't rehash itself, yet rather we rehash history. WORKS CITED Gunaratna, Rohan. â€Å"The Post-Madrid Face of Al Qaeda†, Washington Quarterly 27:3 (Summer 2004) p. 98. Hayes, Stephen F. also, Joscelyn, Thomas The Mother of All Connections A unique report on the new proof of joint effort between Saddam Hussein’s Iraq and al Qaeda Volume 010, Issue 41 July 18, 2005 Shuster, D. â€Å"Road to war; How the Bush organization sold the Iraq War to American people†. MSNBC, Nov. 8, 2005 Retrieved on November 30, 2006 from, http://www. msnbc. msn. com/id/9962149/

Law unit

Interview this is your first stage where you need to hear various thoughts from others about their opinion of the law that you need to present. You can do this by making a study, survey, asking individuals eye to eye and so on. On the off chance that you get you get positive or negative input, at that point you can experience to the following stage which is the green paper.Green paper-this is the subsequent stage, where you produce your draft and its being hacked to check whether it's appropriate enough to be introduced to the Members of Parliament White paper-when your bill turns into a white paper it implies that it Is reasonable to be introduced to general society and the individuals from parliament. You'll at that point go to the following stage which is the principal perusing. First perusing this is the point at which all the individuals from the parliament and people in general social affair in a court and you present your bill to every one of them. Second perusing this can be days after your first reading.In the second perusing you'll o In to more detail clarifying why you need your bill to be authoritatively made a law. You'll list both the disservices and the upsides of the bill. Advisory group after your second perusing the council will get together and talk about your bill. They will be situated in a room where they have security and can talk about with no Interference. 1 OFF including the individuals from parliament and the general population and you. The board of trustees will give back input to their opinion of your bill. Third perusing all through the introduction your bill may be changed a couple times.This is the place you present your bill for last and last time. The last vote is taken here, that choose whether your bill is authoritatively a law. Other house (depending where it began of †this is the place your bill gets send to the next house depending where it began. Illustrious consent When the two houses concede to the bill you've intr oduced and its at that point sends off to the sovereign so that can give an imperial consent to make your bill and authority law. Open and private bills: Private bills-are laws that are passed and just influence a couple of people or reparations.They don't influence the entire network that is the reason they are known as Private Bills. Private individuals Bill-These can be supported by individual MSP. While introducing a Private Bill all individuals from the Parliament get together. Typically there will be around 20 individuals from parliament. They all alternate introducing a Bill to the Parliament. There is a period limit for present a Private Bill. The discussion happens on Fridays so different individuals from the Parliament find the opportunity to introduce the chose Bill.Public charges this is laws that are passed and influences the entire nation or mostly of it. Lion's share of the Government bills. Fall under: Reform Act 2005, the Legal Service Reform Act 2007 and the Corone rs and Justice Act 2009. Principle of Parliamentary Supremacy-the Parliament is just permitted to pass laws that can be changed later on by Parliaments. No other body can overrule the Parliament. The Parliament is known as the I-J constitution. It can make or end a law. It's viewed as the most elevated preeminent lawful position.

custom college essay tips

custom school exposition tips We frequently will in general get composing demands for different expositions including a clear paper. What's more, we have chosen to give you a superior thought of what clear exposition is about. As a matter of first importance let.s make a point to you have away from of graphic expositions. Your primary concern is to accomplish the composing impact not through some specific realities or insights, however to utilize your creative mind and present it in a type of point by point perception. The depiction is the key purpose of this sort of composing. On the off chance that you battle with it, at that point utilize the assistance of school exposition composing administrations like our own. Your subsequent stage is to figure out what you are going to depict. As yourself in the event that it is an individual, a memory, a spot, an encounter or an article. Your definitive objective is to introduce the writing in your very own type understanding. Concentrate on distinct parts of the writing in any case. The following stage is to respond to the inquiry, why you are engaged with the composition of the graphic article. We are certain that it is an extraordinary exercise understanding as you should plunk down, center and watch. As you get concentrated on the reasons, you find support with the portrayal. For more data, visit our site and converse with one of our client care associates for help.

ASOKA Essay Sample Book

ASOKA Essay Sample BookAn ASOKA essay sample book is a significant resource for students to use while they are studying Indian history and political science. Asoka the Great, the legendary emperor of the Mauryan Dynasty, is an ideal choice for this resource. Each of the five parts of the book is filled with a variety of ASOKA essay samples that students can study and review, and these essays will serve as guides throughout their study of the Mahabharata.The first part of the ASOKA book is the ASOKA Essay Sample Book: The History of Ashoka the Great. Students will find that this book provides a wealth of historical facts about the empire in India, as well as a wealth of insight into its rulers and their personalities. It also provides a variety of essay topics, including: Literature, Popular Culture, Diplomacy, and Society and State.The second part of the ASOKA Essay Sample Book is the ASOKA Essay Sample Book: The Rajputs. This volume provides a comprehensive list of historical figure s and events, including the campaigns against Jomartis and other rebellious tribes. The essays in this volume will help students grasp the complexities of the Rajputs and what led them to rebellion, as well as examining the decisions that led them to war.The third part of the ASOKA Essay Sample Book is the ASOKA Essay Sample Book: The Mahabharata. In this volume, students will be introduced to the main characters and plot lines, as well as a review of many of the important historical events. This book will help students learn how the Mahabharata began and how it reached the height of its popularity.The ASOKA Essay Sample Book: The Satavahana is also a must-have for students who are studying the Mahabharata. This book presents a comprehensive list of historical events and discusses the various characters that played a part in these events. Students will be able to understand how the Mahabharata has come to be so popular.The ASOKA Essay Sample Book: The Kushan Period is divided into f ive books, and all of the essays in this volume will cover many of the important historical events that occurred during this period of the Mahabharata. It is recommended that students complete the fifth book in this series before moving on to the sixth book, and this book will offer a detailed description of the most famous battles, the most devastating battles, and the most destructive battles. Each of the five books in this series will help students to better understand the political climate of the late 6th century BCE.The final section of the ASOKA Essay Sample Book is the ASOKA Essay Sample Book: The Mahabharata Series. This volume provides an impressive list of historical events that occur throughout the entire series. Students will be able to learn more about the people involved in the Mahabharata, as well as how to understand how to interpret this famous epic.The ASOKA Essay Sample Book is the most valuable source of ASOKA essay samples. It will help students to appreciate th e significance of the Mahabharata and how to better understand the political environment and history of the late 6th century BCE. In addition, the ASOKA Essay Sample Book will help students learn how to understand and appreciate the historical context of the world in which they live.

Benefits of Higher Education Research Paper - 825 Words

Benefits of Higher Education (Research Paper Sample) Content: Benefits of higher educationInstitution:Name:Tutor:Course:Date:General purpose: To informSpecific purpose: To inform the students about the importance of higher education.IntroductionHave you ever imagined the importance of higher education? Or why should you need it? I believe that some of you imagine that the main reason for higher education is for us to get jobs and recognition in the society. Though that could be one of the reasons, the significant of higher education goes beyond that. Letà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s begin with a definition of higher education. McMahon (2009) defined higher education as the professional study provided to students at colleges, universities and other tertiary institutions of higher learning.Governments across the world are considering investing heavily in higher education programs by facilitating infrastructure and providing financial support. The topic of higher education is relevant to all students because it is the next level of education ahead of you. I am credible with this topic because various researchers and scholars have published different literature concerning the topic. Also, the existing literature has shown the current trends in higher education and how it has been approached by different governments. Countries such as U.S, UK among others have developed programs to facilitate higher education (Baum, Ma and Payea, 2010). This shows that they have realized the value generated by higher education not only to people, but also to the nation. This speech is an illustration of the benefits of higher education.The benefits of higher educationHigher education was introduced many decades ago, and the intention was to enhance education in their territories. The original idea for higher education was to provide tertiary learning to students. It was introduced to enable students acquire skills necessary to work in different job industries. According to Baum, Ma and Payea (2010), higher education provides graduates with a v ariety of jobs to choose compared to those who fail to pursue education beyond high school. The research by Howard (2005) indicated that in 2004, a college graduate earned $54,700 higher than the $30,000 earned annually by a person with a high school diploma. This is an indication that higher education contributes to higher income among individuals. This is illustrates in the following diagram.Countries all over the world have demonstrated their interests in enhancing higher education in their territories. According to Howard (2005), the report published by American department of the treasury in conjunction with the department of education, it was identified that higher education plays significant roles in the socio-economic advancement and is a significant driver of economic mobility. Additionally, higher education has benefits to future children. According to the study conducted by 90, child mortality rates reduced significantly from 1980 to 2010 as the number of women's education al achievement levels increased. Similarly, with higher education is useful for intergenerational mobility (McMahon, 2009). As indicated in the figure below, Without higher education, a child born to a parent in the lower income quintile has a 45% chance of remaining there as an adult. With higher education, a child has less than a 20% chance of remaining in the lower quintile of the income distribution.Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics (2012)Now that we have found out that there are other benefits of higher education other than the traditional ones, we can now elaborate on more benefits as presented by different scholars. Baum, Ma and Payea (2010) argued that increased cultural diversity and globalization has given higher education a new image, roles, and benefits. Higher education is now crucial in the current global economy. Higher education gives you the opportunity to experience a rich social and cultural scene, meet new and different persons and learn something new. Additi onally, a higher education provides a student with a range of opportunities in life. Howard (2005) claimed that higher education is where a person meets opportunities to achieve personal goals. He quoted "higher education is the eye opener for a person to develop his/her career ambitionsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ . This shows that various researchers have recognized and appreciated the benefits of higher education in the current society.Studies have found out that nations can only succeed if they invest heavily in higher education. As I started previously, higher education is the channel through which individuals can achieve much in society. Higher education enriches oneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s education through which we learn diverse beliefs and experiences from others. Baum, Ma and Payea (2010) claimed that this enhances personal growth. An example of this benefit is given by Howard (2005) when he stated that higher education enabled employees to learn and interact with each other and also worked bett er in a multicultural environment.Another benefit is that higher education strengthens workplaces as well as communities. This is because of the diversity of higher education which encourages teamwork and pluralistic society. I can quote Gurin, Nagda and Lopez (...

A Analysis Of The Sun By Robert Nemiroff - 1292 Words

A Raisin In the Sun by Robert Nemiroff portrays a few weeks in the life of the Youngers, a black family’s struggle to buy a house in a white neighborhood in South Side of Chicago. They are about receive an insurance check for ten thousand that comes form the death of Mr. Younger’s life insurance policy. Each of the family members in this apartment has an idea with spending this money to make the family better. The patriarch of the family, Mrs. Younger, wants to buy a house to fulfill a dream she has with her husband. Walter would rather than use the money to invest in a liquor store with his friends. He believes that the investment will solve the family’s financial problems forever. Walter’s wife, Ruth, agree with Mama, however, hopes they†¦show more content†¦She knows that the family, education and society rule are so important. She is not very well educated, but she insists to maintain the personality that people are supposed to be. â€Å"Now don’t you start child. It’s to early in the morning to be talking about money. It ain’t Christian.† (41) In the morning, Ruth and Mama has a conversation in kitchen. Ruth tells Mama that Walter wants to use father’s insurance money to invest a liquor company. Mama cannot completely agree with her son. Mama complains that once upon a time freedom used to be life, but now it’s money. On the other hand, she loves her husband because he is worth to be loved. Mama wishes her sun modeled himself after his father. She never felt shame of being laundryman. She is respectably dressed as much as possible. She is a high head when in front of those white people who despise black people. â€Å"I come from five generations of people who was slaves and sharecroppers—but ain’t nobody in my family never ley nobody pay ‘em no money that was a way of telling us we wasn’t fit to walk the warth. We ain’t never been that poor. We ain’t never been that—dead inside.† (143) After she buys the house, the white people in community try to ding out the Youngers’ family. They pay more money to ask them move out. As a black woman, Mama is proud of her skin and keeps her unique personality. She refer to live harder, rather than letting people trampling on her with money. Walter Lee

Trader Joes in Denmark - 6642 Words

TRADER JOE’S LAUNCHES INTO DENMARK By: Stephanie Meghan Anh Zoe Jiang Cindy Emine OUTLINE 1. Introduction 2. Situation Analysis a. Environmental scan i. What is the potential market? ii. Who are our competitors? iii. What are the key trends in the social and cultural environment that are relevant to adoption? 3. SWOT Analysis a. Strengths b. Weaknesses c. Opportunities d. Threats 4. Marketing Strategies a. Targets and Positioning i. What is the best way to segment our market(s)? ii. Which segment(s) do we target? iii. How do we position the product? b. Product†¦show more content†¦After this type of analysis, it is easier to deduce that most consumers in Denmark accept and prefer organic foods, which Trade Joe’s provides. In the mornings, most adults drink coffee or tea and eat rye bread or white bread with cheese or jam.[iii] These products are commonly found in Trader Joe’s. The target market in Denmark, is defined as young people from years 20-40, amongst which the majority are currently employed. This means that during the day they are in sear ch of a fast and highly nutritional meal, which can be eaten in the office quickly. Trader Joe’s can provide for that need in Denmark with a quick and healthy meal plan. Private enterprises are considered to be key actors in achieving sustainable development in Denmark.[iv] Therefore it is essential that companies take an active part in the efforts to improve the environment and contribute to green industrial development. A large number of companies in Denmark, thus, are sustainable and ethical and have high ranks among sustainable companies all over the world, like Danisco, Chr. Hansen Holding and tec. Many of the sustainable companies have products in traditional grocery stores, which are the biggest competitors of Trader Joe’s. Meanwhile, some local food factories and restaurants in Denmark are also very big competitors for Trader Joe’s, even though they may not serve food with very ethical resources. Such companies like DanishShow MoreRelatedTrader Joe s5547 Words   |  23 Pages[pic] TRADER JOE’S Description: Trader Joe’s has become a multi-billion dollar national chain partly through its ability to find cheap real estate, skip name brands and smartly manage its supply chain. It’s also due to its workforce management practices. Below, excerpts from a book Trader Joe’s  Adventure, review  the company’s management compensation, encouragement of multitasking, screening and wages, careful use of money, fun culture, sense that its people are its brand, and communication styleRead MoreTrader Joes Internalization7066 Words   |  29 Pages------------------------------------------------- Trader Joe’s I] About Trader Joe’s A] Trader Joe’s history Trader Joe’s is a chain of grocery stores first opened in 1967 in California, United States. Trader Joes was founded by a man named Joe Coulombe and has been owned since 1979 by the Albrecht family, a German family who also owns the ALDI discounts food stores. Trader Joe’s has currently 367 stores within the United States with locations in over 20 states. Trader Joes stores offer a wide, diverseRead MoreEuropean Eonomis: Report Regarding the Potiential of Lily Obriens Chocolates to Expand Its Operations Into Eu Markets2616 Words   |  11 Pages Between 70-80% of their turnover is generated through exports, their main export markets are the UK and USA. Some of their International Customers include, Export Retail  · Waitrose  · Debenhams  · Costco.com  · ASDA  · Sainsbury’s  · Trader Joes  · Tesco Travel Retail  · US Airways  · Delta  · South African  · Air India  · Virgin Atlantic  · Jury’s Doyle Hotels Given the facts of how Lily O’Brien have taken the luxury chocolate market by storm here and are creating 70-80% of theirRead MoreEuropean Eonomis: Report Regarding the Potiential of Lily O’brien’s Chocolates to Expand Its Operations Into Eu Markets2627 Words   |  11 Pagesactivities. Between 70-80% of their turnover is generated through exports, their main export markets are the UK and USA. Some of their International Customers include, Export Retail  · Waitrose  · Debenhams  · Costco.com  · ASDA  · Sainsbury’s  · Trader Joes  · Tesco Travel Retail  · US Airways  · Delta  · South African  · Air India  · Virgin Atlantic  · Jury’s Doyle Hotels Given the facts of how Lily O’Brien have taken the luxury chocolate market by storm here and are creating 70-80% of their turnover throughRead MoreWhole Food Market Swot8519 Words   |  35 Pagesservices like these, and we can continue to invest in providing more. Our competition is growing and becoming more threatening with time. Our biggest organic competitor was Wild Oats up until the acquisition, and now we can say the biggest is Trader Joes, whose prices rival ours. They have slightly more locations and it is estimated that they generate more than twice what we do in revenue (CNN, 2010). Sunflower Farmers Market is a big discounter of organic food; however they do not have enough storesRead MoreStrategic Analysis Of ALDI Essay3650 Words   |  15 PagesAldi Sud and Aldi Nord operate in retail markets however Aldi Nord mainly in Europe whereas Aldi Sud operates in the United States and Australia among other international locations. It has Aldi stores are located in Germany, Austria, Australia, Denmark, France, Belgium, Greece, Ireland, Hungary, Netherlands, Luxemburg, Poland, Slovenia, Portugal, Spain, Switzerland, United states operating in 36 states and United Kingdom (Grocer.com, 2013). Its customers are mainly ‘do it yourself’ shoppers and

The Impact of the Implementation of Single Exit Pricing...

The impact of the implementation of single exit pricing for pharmaceuticals in South Africa Daleen Pretorius A research report submitted to the Faculty of Commerce, Law and Management, University of the Witwatersrand, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Business Administration Johannesburg, 2011 ABSTRACT Pricing regulations have been implemented within the pharmaceutical industry in South Africa to ensure improved access to healthcare. The implementation of the Single Exit Price (SEP) effectively meant that the private pharmaceutical sector had to adjust from a free to a regulated market, where prices had to be cut and discounts discarded. The pricing structure changed to a transparent†¦show more content†¦You guys are amazing. Sudier Ramparsad for the initial motivation to start with this degree. You will always be a mentor and significant influence in my life. Nevi Letcher for your continuous support as friend and mentor. I am blessed with such an outstanding and talented friend. v TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT ..................................................................................... II DECLARATION .............................................................................. III DEDICATION ................................................................................ IV ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS............................................................... V LIST OF TABLES ........................................................................... X LIST OF FIGURES ...................................................................... XII CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ..................................................... 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY ............................................................................ 1 CONTEXT OF THE STUDY ............................................................................. 1 PROBLEM STATEMENT ................................................................................ 4 1.3.1 MAIN PROBLEM ...................................................................................................... 4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDYShow MoreRelatedMarketing Project of Reckitt Benckiser19417 Words   |  78 PagesInternational, for  £1.926  billion. 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The Effect Of Myotonic Dystrophy Kinase Related Cdc42...

Introduction/Background: Cell motility is heavily studied, mainly due to the importance of cell motility in a living cell for normal physiological functions. 3-Phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1 (PDK1) is integral kinase that phosphorylates serine/threonine residues in activation loops of various proteins that function in metabolism, grown, proliferation, and survival of various cells (Fyffe et al., 2013). Located on the human chromosome 16p13.3, it is ubiquitously expressed in human tissue, as well as other animals such as Drosophilla (Alessi et al., 1997). But PDK1 functionality is beyond just normal human cells, and has been heavily studied in directional cell migration for both physiological and pathological processes such as wound healing and tumor metastasis (Gagliardi et al., 2014). Myotonic dystrophy kinase-related CDC42-binding kinase ÃŽ ± (MRCKÃŽ ±) is a Rho-binding kinase that has been shown to cause actin cytoskeleton reorganization for cell motility through light-chain phosphorylation, which is required in cell motility (Chen et al., 1999). MRCK kinases play integral roles in actin-myosin regulations by being downstream effectors of GTPase-CDC42. Activation of GTPase-CDC42 and actin cytoskeleton reorganizations are both vital in cell motility, as the conversion of GTP to GDP provide actin filament degradation, which in turn allows for the formation of new filaments needed for movement of the cell. The authors of this paper attempt to deduce which domains of PDK1

The Silk Road During The Han Dynasty Of China - 1484 Words

Many thousands of years ago, upon the earliest creations of civilization, there were two thriving civilizations. Both of which knew little to nothing about each other’s existence. In this ancient world, there was no connection of the two civilizations, no trade in commerce or culture. It was not until the second century BC that Europe and Eastern Asia interacted in a significant way. What is known as â€Å"The Silk Road† was established during the Han Dynasty of China, it was a network of trade routes that created a link between these two regions during this ancient world (ancient.eu). Though these routes have history prior to the Han Dynasty, this is when many historians see the routes in full practice. This time during the second century BC was crucial in the connection of these separately thriving civilizations, connecting them through commerce, religion, and exploration. 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Literature Review On Community Nursing †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Literature Review On Community Nursing. Answer: Introduction Community nursinghas been a key professional player both at the national level and at the international level.Community nursing is described as health activities other than acute hospital activities. Community nursing is necessary due to the poor health conditions that are witnessed in most communities living in Australia.Community nursing is currently in high demand due to increasing demand for community nursing services. Safety of the community hangs on a number of factors that include geographical area, physical health conditions, organizational framework and strategies applied to tackle challenges within the community nursing environment. The following literature review explores community nursing as a profession with a major focus on the role, professional pathways, and work environment, professional organizations that support community nursing and high demand. Literature review: Community nursing definition Goodman, Bunnell, and Posner (2014) define community nursing broadly as nursing care provided outside the acute hospital setting. This definition includes those nursing care that is provided within community hospitals, home cares, and schools or police stations. This definition does not contradict similar definition by Srivastava, Singh, Montagu and Bhattacharyya (2017), who indicates that community nursing care extends its operation to childrens home and families within their homes. Community nursing as indicated by World Health Organization (2017) comprises of activities of community health or public health. This implies that community nursing also includes public health are they both work at the community level. Community health currently majorly plays a critical role in enduring healthy leaving conditions among various communities. Roles of community nursing According to David and Laoingco (2017), community nursing has various roles it plays in the community settings. One of this role includes assessing the community health status based on the available community health data. This according to Mohsen (2013) includes assessing the implementing community health data to better the community healthcare. Secondly, as explained by Dee and Bridget (2015), community nursing practitioner plays an important role in forming a communication link between various stakeholders with the community healthcare fraternity. This is similar to another communication role elaborated by MOHFW Indian Public Health Standards (2012) that indicate that community nursing practitioner communicates with families on the available health problem in an effort to arrive at a lasting solution. Thirdly, National Rural Health Mission et al (2011) indicates that community nursing play role in developing public health team that works with community healthcare department for bet ter community health. This does not contradict similar idea advanced by Putra, Petpichetchian, and Maneewat (2011), who indicated that community nursing practitioner exhibit the leadership skills in leading community health team. Fourthly, community nursing plays another role of using health research particularly about the community they work in to study epidemiology affecting the community. As cited by MCHIP India's Reproductive et al (2014), community nursing plays an important role in utilizing research findings to monitor disease epidemiology within the community setting. Community nursing work environment Community nursing working environment entails many challenges and safety issues that affect the operation of community nursing. Firstly, according to World Health Organization (2017), community nursing working environment is characterized by the larger geographical distance between clients. Community nursing environment is influenced by a distance that limits the operation of some nursing practitioners. Secondly, as explained by Kumar et al (2011), community nursing environment is also influenced by physical environmental factors such as poor health conditions and clients poor living conditions within homes. This is similar to those conditions explained by Briton (2017) that also indicate the physical environment effect on the nursing community. The author indicates that poor living conditions coupled with poor clients lifestyle affect the nursing environment. Thirdly, community nursing environment is characterized by institutional or organizational setting that includes organization s such as community hospital setting or police station. According to ABS (2014), community nursing operates in an environment that includes various institution and organizations that sometimes require authorization before the operation. In addition, as explained by Rosenbaum, Shin, Jones, and Tolbert (2010), community nursing environment sometimes requires personal assistance to some clients in difficult organizations such as police stations. Community nursing work environment requires compassion, especially where there is a need to assist the poor client. As indicated by Mohsen (2013), community nursing work environment requires the nursing practitioner to develop a strategy on how to assist the patient to improve on their poor health conditions. Moreover, as cited by Dee and Bridget (2015), community health sometimes encounters hostility within the community and this requires a proper way of handling clients within these environments. This does not contradict a similar study by Goodman, Bunnell, and Posner (2014) that indicate the need to cope up with hostility within the community nursing environment. To add to this environment, Srivastava, Singh, Montagu and Bhattacharyya (2017) also show the hostility as a form of the cultural environment that forms part of the community nursing working environment. One of the strategies used within the community nursing work environment includes negotiating working environments with clients mostly on the reduction of poor health conditions. Demand for community nursing There is high demand for community nursing practitioners as indicated by Chokshi et al (2016) when exploring the need for nursing practitioners. Studies indicate that there is high demand for community health within Australia and throughout the world. According to World Health Organization (2010), there are many factors that are driving the increasing demand for community nursing specialty. One of these factors, as explained by the author, include increasing nursing workloads make the community nursing overwhelmed with community health needs. MCHIP India's Reproductive et al (2014) explain the scenarios in the community nursing that drives such as high demand for community nurse and increasing demand for the services drives the need for more community nursing practitioners. A study conducted by World Health Organization (2017) show interplay of factors that are drivers for high-end demand for more community nursing practitioners. Moreover, the Capable theory explains the complexity o f needs that are driving the demand for more community nursing practitioners. According to this theory, good community nursing practice is grounded on an evidence-based practice that helps improve the quality of nursing practice reducing nursing workloads. Nursing academic pathways Community nursing pathways require various professional qualifications that include educational background. According to Ball (2017), community nursing professional pathways normally requires completion of four-year bachelors degree in nursing. This is similar to another professional framework set that requires completion of community health degree program. Farsi, Dehghan-Nayeri, Negarandeh, and Broomand (2010) explains that party also include personal volunteer for community health service while still study community nursing. Tradition community setting is good for community nursing and this together with the college assist students find placement once academic completion of the degree. As indicated by Benner theory community nursing requires skill development to be effective in the health community. According to this theory, community nursing entails developing knowledge and skills in the practical aspect of community health (Briton, 2017). Further studies of community nursing include many different nursing options and public health options. Community nursing pathways climax by some nursing practitioners studying masters degree in community health with a specialty in public health. Another pathways option also includes study master of public health with health promotion option. As cited by National Rural Health Mission et al (2011), high demand for community nursing or health professional, in general, is also driving the need to further study in community nursing. To this effect, there are many different scholarships available for community nursing practitioners to peruse further education. Some of these scholarships include AACN Nursing Scholarship Fund, The Gates Millennium Scholars Program and Hispanic Heritage Youth Awards. Considering practicing as a registered nurse requires various steps to follow as outlined by MOHFW Indian Public Health Standards (2012). According to World Health Organization (2017), passing NCLEX-RN examination allow the nursing practitioner start practicing nursing within the community. Boards of nursing (BONs) and regulatory bodies (RBs) sets the requirement for practicing nurse to obtain a license and become register nurse. Conclusively, Srivastava, Singh, Montagu and Bhattacharyya (2017) explain that community nursing courses obtain accreditation from Accreditation Commission for Education in Nursing (ACEN). Upon completion of NCLEX-RN, the nursing board evaluates and approves the result of the examination to ascertain qualifications. Professional organizations There are many different professional bodies that support community nursing in Australia. Professional bodies that support community nursing can be categorized into the national and international level. Some of the national level nursing professional bodies include Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia (NMBA), Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW), and Nursing Practitioners NPs. Firstly, Wilson et al., (2012) explain the nature and role of the nursing council in Australia. Australia Nursing Council is a professional body that draws its membership from nurses and nursing education. The organization was formed under Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia (NMBA) Act of 1947 to include both practicing nurses in public and private sector of Australia. The nursing council is divided based on various states and operate at the state level. Secondly, Australian Nurses Association (ANA) is another professional body formed registered nurses of Australia. The organization is formed by a registered nurse and those practicing at the community nursing level. As listed by Briton (2017), Australia Nurses Association (ANA) play a significant role in organizing various nurse strikes across Australia to push for various agenda. At the international nursing level, professional bodies include International Nursing Council is another professional nursing body that includes those working with national nursing professional bodies to foster community nursing. The body was instituted in 1899 with a focus to connect all nursing professionals throughout the world. The main objective of the nursing body is to reduce discriminations among the nursing professionals. Secondly, according to World Health Organization (2014), Red Cross Society is another important nursing professional body task to assist community nursing practitioners in the course of work. Thirdly, the World Health Organization is another professional body that also supports community nursing to carry out community healthcare. World Health Organization was formed in 1948 with the main focus on high community health for all people internationally and at the national level. Conclusion In conclusion, community nursing plays an important role in community health and requires professional qualifications. Community nursing as a profession ensures that community health is up-to-date information on all the necessary health practices. Moreover, community nursing has experienced high nursing workloads increasing the demand for more nursing practitioners to help improve the quality of health in the community. Community nursing as a professional requires study of bachelors degree in nursing, public health and community health that is approved. Community nursing requires an individual nurse practitioner to be registered in Australia. There are many different professional organizations that support community nursing at the national level and at the international level. Recommendations In light for all the literature findings, there are some recommendations that need to be used to improve community nursing profession. Firstly, there is need to increase enroll more nursing professionals into community nursing due to the high demand for community nurses. The community nursing as a profession has few practitioners that are overwhelm with high nursing workloads and this need more practitioners. Secondly, professional bodies need to create awareness for importance of community nursing as a way to improve the community nursing environment. More health promotion with focus of on the importance community nursing will help attract more health practitioners into the community nursing career pathways hence reducing the nursing workloads. Community health awareness campaigns also serves to create a more conducive environment for practitioners coupled with high dignity for community nursing practitioners within the community. References Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) (2014). Australian Health Survey: National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Measures Survey 201213. Canberra: ABS Ball, J. (2017). Demands on community nurse mentors: Are new models for practice necessary? British Journal of Community Nursing, Volume 22, Issue 10, pp 504510 Briton, H. (2017). What are community nurses experiences of assessing frailty and assisting in planning subsequent interventions? British Journal of Community Nursing, Volume 22, Issue 9 Chokshi, M. Patil, B. Khanna, R. Neogi, S. B. Sharma, J. Paul, V. K. and Zodpey, S. (2016). Health systems in India. Journal of Perinatology, 36(Suppl 3): S9S12. David, J.J.T., Laoingco, J.R.C. (2017). Awareness of Community Health Nurses on and Relevance of Global Health Competencies. i-manager's Journal of Nursing, 7(1), 16-22. Dee, C. Bridget, J. (2015). Development of a questionnaire to measure the key attributes of the community palliative care specialist nurse role. International Journal of Palliative Nursing, Volume 21, Issue 2 Farsi, Z., Dehghan-Nayeri, N., Negarandeh, R, Broomand, S. (2010). Nursing profession in Iran: an overview of opportunities and challenges. Japanese Journal of Nursing Science, 7(1):918. Goodman, R.A., Bunnell, R. Posner S.F. (October 2014). What is "community health"? Examining the meaning of an evolving field in public health. Preventive Medicine, 67 Suppl 1: S5861. Jilani, A.Z., Azhar, G.S., Jilani, N.Z. Siddiqui A.A. (2009). Private providers of Healthcare in India: A policy analysis. The Internet Journal of Third World Medicine, Volume 8 Kumar, et al (2011). Financing Healthcare for All: Challenges and Opportunities, the Lancet; 377: 668679 MOHFW Indian Public Health Standards (2012). Revised guidelines New Delhi Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt. of India. Available at: https://nrhm.gov.in/nhm/nrhm/guidelines/indian-public-health-standards.html (accessed on 3 April 2016). MCHIP India's Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, Child, and Adolescent Health (RMNCH+A) Strategy-A Case of Extraordinary Government Leadership. The Maternal and Child Health Integrated Program (MCHIP), USAID 2014. Mohsen, A.H., (2013).Nurses Role in the Community. Nursing and Midwifery Stud, v.2(2) National Rural Health Mission, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India. Child Health Division, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (2011). Human resources for health. Available at: UHC-india.org/reports/hleg_report_chapter_4.pdf (accessed on 21 August 2016). Nic P.CA, et al., (2010). The role of the public health nurse in a changing society. Journal of Advanced Nursing 66(4):74352. Phyllis, M. (2009). Community Health Nursing. American Journal of Nursing, Vol.109, p.19. Putra, A., Petpichetchian, W. Maneewat, K. (2011). Public Health Nurses' Roles and Competencies in Disaster Management. Nurse Media J Nurs.1:114. Rosenbaum, S., Shin, P., Jones, E. Tolbert, J. (2010). Community Health Centers: Opportunities and Challenges for Health Reform. Health Sciences Research Commons. Srivastava, A., Singh, D., Montagu, D. Bhattacharyya, S. (2017). Putting women at the center: a review of Indian policy to address person-centered care in maternal and newborn health, family planning and abortion. BMC Public Health, 2017 Jul 14;18(1):20. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4575-2. Wilson, L., et al., (2012). Global Health Competencies for Nurses in the Americas. Journal of Professional Nursing, 28, (4): pp.213-222. World Health Organization, (2010). The involvement of nurses and midwives in screening and brief interventions for hazardous and harmful use of alcohol and other psychoactive substances. Available from: WHO/HRH/HPN/10-6. World Health Organization, (2017). Enhancing the role of community health nursing for universal health coverage. Human Resources for Health Observer - Issue No. 18

Demand and Supply in Macroeconomic Free-Samples for Students

Question: Choose any Industry and Discuss reform done or needed in that Industy. Answer: Introduction In the area of macroeconomics, demand and supply are two key segments of monetary model or financial hypothesis. Both these parts assume a noteworthy part to decide the cost of a product in a market. The demand indicates the amount of an item or administration that purchasers need to get at a pre-decided cost. Also, supply remains for the amount of an item or administration that providers of a specific item need to acquire the commercial center at indicated costs. Alongside this, as per the law of supply and demand, there is a backwards connection between the demand, supply and costs of products/administrations. An expansion in the demand of an item or administration raises the cost of that item or administration in a programmed way. A reduction in the demand of an item or administration by and large diminishes the cost of item or administration. On the other hand, for this essay, I might want to pick Butter as an item to demonstrate the connection amongst demand and supply figures a ppropriately. Besides, the main considerations that may influence the demand and supply sides of the market would likewise be talked about in this exploration article in a proper way. Variables That Affect the Demand and Supply Sides of the Market Beyond any doubt, Butter is favored by the greater part of the general population all around the world. Individuals for the most part make utilization of Butter on the customary premise. The demand of Butter can be considered high to be correlation with other dairy items. Because of the appeal of Butter, the cost of Butter likewise can be seen high in the commercial center. As indicated by the law of interest and supply, an expansion sought after of Butter will raise the cost of Butter consequently (Issar, Cowan and Wegener, 2003). On the other hand, with regards to financial aspects, there are various elements, for example, value, populace, substitute items, salary level, and so forth that may impact the demand and supply side of the commercial center. The central points that have an effect on the demand and supply of an item are portrayed as beneath: Value: Price is a main consideration that influences the demand and supply side of an item in the commercial center. As per the law of interest and supply, an expansion in the cost of an item will decrease the demand and additionally supply of that item in the market. For instance, if the cost of Butter expands then the demand of Butter will decay consequently (Rajeshwaran, Naik and Dhas, 2014). In addition to this, it ought to be noted down that, an expansion in the cost of drain can be considered as the real explanation for the expanded cost of Butter. It is a direct result of drain is the fundamental segment in Butter. Because of the expanded mil costs, the creation expenses of Butter increment. The expanded costs of Butter decrease the demand and supply of Butter in the commercial center. Cost of Substitute Goods: Price of substitute/interchange products is additionally the other central point that impacts the demand and supply side of a product in the commercial center. Margarine is the real substitute of Butter. An expansion in the cost of Butter will expand the utilization (demand) of its substitute products in the commercial center (Nghiem, Blakely and Wilson, 2011). Besides, the expanded costs of Butter increment the demand; as well as enhance the demand of its substitute merchandise in the commercial center. Inclinations of Customers: Customers' tastes and inclinations is the other element that generally impacts the demand and also supply side of a product. On the off chance that individuals are attached to Butter then they will just buy Butter rather than its substitutes items. They couldn't care less about costs to purchase items as indicated by their brands, tastes, and inclinations. The darling of Butter will just purchase Butter at any cost (Griffith, OConnell and Smith, 2015). Along these lines, providers of Butter will dependably make accessible Butter for such sorts of clients. As a result, these are the central point that may impact the demand and supply of a product in both positive and negative way. Wage Level: Income level can be measured another main consideration that impacts the demand and supply of a product in the market. An expansion in wage level of individuals will increase the demand of Butter in the market. Additionally, a diminishing in salary level will lessen the interest for Butter in a market. In perspective of that, individuals who procure more will make more interest for Butter in the commercial center. Popularity will prompt a high supply of Butter (Cleanthous, Mackintosh and Anderson, 2010). Along these lines, salary level is a main consideration that affects the demand and supply side of an item. Rivalry: Competition is the most vital variables that influence the demand and supply side of an item in the market. There are part of contenders exist in the market. They try all their conceivable endeavors to fulfill upper hands over the contenders. In addition to this, they give same item to customers at a lower cost. In today's exceedingly aggressive market, clients move toward the firm that offers same product at lower costs in comparison to others (Nghiem, Blakely and Wilson, 2011). In perspective of that, opposition can be viewed as a central point that influences the demand and supply of an item in the commercial center. Conclusion On the premise of the above investigation, it can be inferred that, demand and supply are two noteworthy parts that are identified with the monetary hypothesis. Both these elements have various real effects on each other. Alongside this, there are various elements those may impact the demand and supply of an item or administration in the commercial center. For instance, value, inclinations and tastes of clients, salary level, substitute products' value, rivalry, et cetera are such elements that affect the demand and in addition supply of a product in the market. References Cleanthous, X., Mackintosh, A.M. and Anderson, S. (2010). Spreads in the current Australian market: butter, dairy blends and margarine spreads. Food Australia, 62(10), p.438. Griffith, R., OConnell, M. and Smith, K. (2015). Relative prices, consumer preferences, and the demand for food. Oxford Review of Economics Policy, 31(1), 116-130. Issar, G., Cowan, R.T. and Wegener, M. (2003). Success strategies being implemented in fresh milk supply chains. In Proceedings of the 14th International Farm Management Congress, (pp. 528-537). Nghiem, N., Blakely, T. and Wilson, N. (2011). Price Elasticities for Health Economics Modelling of Food Pricing Interventions in Australia and New Zealand. Department of Public Health, pp. 1-51. Rajeshwaran, S., Naik, G. and Dhas, A.C. (2014). Rising Milk PriceA Cause for Concern on Food Security. Available At: https://www.iimb.ernet.in/research/sites/default/files/WP%20No.%20472_1.pdf [Accessed On: 22nd April 2017]

Kosovo Origins, Developments Outcomes

Sample CTel Essay Questions - How to Write Them

Sample CTel Essay Questions - How to Write ThemMost people do not have a clue of what to write about when they want to write sample CTel essay questions. There are many differences between standard essay and sample CTel questions. You do not need to know the difference before you get started writing, but you do need to be familiar with both. Since so many different types of questions are used by employers, it is important that you are familiar with the common ones.Most CTel questions are general in nature. They will cover the main points that can be found in most samples. In addition, they cover some of the more difficult areas. The questions are most often from different topics or subjects.Sample CTel essays focus on topics that are needed by many employers. Since so many are general, you will need to write in a very generic way so that it does not scare off the potential employer.One of the major differences between sample CTel essay questions and regular essays is the ability to w rite in a more professional style. You will find that there are many formal examples for the questions to follow. In addition, you can use examples that come from academic publications, journals, or websites. These will make the essay much more formal, as well as providing you with better results.When you are writing your essay, it is important that you include your skills, experiences, and education. If you do not take the time to list your personal qualities, then the question will be more difficult to answer. It will also be harder to relate your accomplishments to the questions. Since so many writers use samples to fill in the blanks, you will need to consider all these factors in your essay.Most questions will ask you to rewrite the body of your essay after the information is in. In addition, most sample CTel will allow you to create an outline for the information you have written. This will allow you to write your essay in a manner that will make it look more like a profession al essay. The samples often have numerous topics to help you.Sample CTel essays are helpful for those who are trying to increase their employment prospects. They are written in a professional and impressive manner.

Environmental Scan Essays

Environmental Scan Essays Environmental Scan Paper Environmental Scan Paper Struck is an organization that is known throughout the world with over 7,000 stores the relationship that is built with customers and employees are outstanding. Struck specialize in cold and hot coffee and smoothies for the health conscious customer. Some of the factors that can influence Struck internally and externally are competitors, customers. Suppliers, technological, environment, and legislation. According to (e-imports. Com) coffee statistics show that Specialty coffee sales are increasing by per year and account for nearly 8% of the 18 billion dollar U.S. Coffee market with coffee shops set to exceed approximately 50,000 by the end of 2012. The tool that is used for the environment scan is the SOOT analysis. Apple Inc. Is an American corporation that designs and sells consumer software, and personal computers. Apple has been the worlds second largest information company and third largest mobile company. Apple has 394 retail stores in fourteen countries as well as the online store and tunes store making it the second largest publicly traded corporation with an estimated value of 14 billion as of January 2013(mew. Apple. Com). Some of the factors that influenced Apple internally and externally are the engagement an design of the development and marketing of personal computers and the employment of over 32,000 employees that make their business successful. Two Strengths of Struck ; Apple Struck main focus is to provide quality products to their customers this business has grown from 55 stores to now over 1 7,000 stores worldwide. Their contribution to aiding the environment, healthy living drinks and recyclables has given awareness to communities worldwide. Struck is known for superior services and products with leadership as the worlds largest coffee bean seller. Struck has the growth potential that will take them well into the future with their line of products. The number of locations allows Struck to reach a vast of the domestic market as well as the international with quick exposure to be new service. Apple main focus is on research and development of new products for the consumer. The strength of the name of its brand can stand alone in the competitive world giving a robust financial performance with each quarter. Apple is a globalize recognized brand that focuses on high tech quality products like the pod, phone, pad, and the Mac with a large segment of their consumers being from diversified walks of life. With their retail store the revision of products and experiences that catches the eyes of both young and old has given parents and children the resources they need right at their fingertips. With a capitalization in marketing its revenue in 2010 was well over $220 billion with a cutting edge of high definition of their products. Weaknesses of Struck Apple One of the key weaknesses for Struck in the high pricing for their products because of the ingredient pricing of the coffee bean with more than three quarters of their stores located in the united States it is argued that a portfolio is need in other countries to spread business risk. With the reputation of creating and developing new products the vulnerability remains that their innovation may falter over time. With other companies offering coffee and other related services excessive amount of money they spend for the quality of food and products that they sale. Apple weakness has come from two failed products that did not launch a good return the cloud and the Apple TV did not profit well against the competition of Google. If Apple was to make devices that did not always require a USB cord this could change customer retention and sales within the organization. With Steve Job not really getting social and not really giving the notability to the value of this type of networking could burn them in the long- run. Opportunities of Struck Apple Struck opportunities consist of partnerships and global expansions. In 2004, Struck partnered with Hewlett Packard allowing customers to create their own music CD making new products to enter into their retail stores and expand Fair Trade products. Four Placing products and joining with Apple, grocery stores, and other outlet facilities gives Struck the opportunity to expand their services not just to he Struck location, but to other facilities that will use and sell their products. Apple opportunities consist of loyal customers that are willing to experience the new and innovative products that this organization produces. With new products and the way the device works the production of change creates a well-received perception of the products that are offered through Apple. Apple can continue to move into areas that are not well served with standards set for production and quality. Threats of Struck Apple The threats that challenge Struck are other companies developing reduces at a much lower price adding quality coffee to their menu to compete with Struck. With the world changing daily the threat of not knowing if the product of coffee will be around forever. Like any other fad people grow out of it and tend to move on to something new. Because of the specialization of their industry and the dependency on supply factors and pricing this could hurt their business. The Threats that are faced from Apple is the copying of their product. The touchstones is being used with other phones and APS for other smart phones and devices are being developed. With high pricing for the products that Apple sale other companies are giving similar smart phones at a much lower price. According to (NASDAQ:AGOG) Google is moving into Apples space and it has announced that it will move into TV space as well. How do Struck ; Apple create value and sustain competitive advantages? Struck needs to boost up their advertisement approach by heightening their efforts to convince people that their brand is still the best worldwide. According to (unconscionable. Com) McDonalds mocks the overrated Struck. If education is presented to the public about the quality of coffee ND the premium pricing that is being paid customers could have a different opinion about the services they receive and the product from this company. With diversified channels not solely relying on employee-customer relationships, but advertisements through media, video, internet and sales a new strategy could lead this organization back in the right direction. Apple seems to know what the customer wants and what keeps them excited and execute on what they want. Their value is sustained by the product logo that is printed on each product that is created from this organization. This is one of the best competitive advantages that are used in the advertisement industry. The logo according to (Ender, 2004) is not meant for the owner of the product, but for other consumers who want to know how well the product works. With consumers satisfaction rates at the top of the chart Apple has created loyalty and value to their consumers. Five What measurement guidelines is each company using to verify their strategic effectiveness? The measurement guidelines that are used by Struck still remains the same the value of the customer and the relationship between the immunities is greatly valued. In producing social, environmental, and economic measurements local communities benefit from programs that bring awareness to the customer. According to (Schultz) the guide principles are to provide a great work environment and treat each other with respect, to embrace diversity, apply high standards in purchasing and delivering products, and to recognize the profitability to the success of their future. The measurement guidelines that are used by Apple are the loyalty to the consumer. A store that is created specifically for the customers that use their rand and music downloads that is user friendly.

Income Inequality and Globalisation Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Income Inequality and Globalisation - Assignment Example Over the past decades, many economists have been debating and claiming that increasing degree of trade relations between developed and developing countries can be identified as one of the major aspects which gave rise in income inequality. Furthermore, economists have also argued that trade relations practiced within nations in the current day context are highly influenced by globalization trends and thereby, globalization can also be addressed as a vital reason for income inequality (Freeman, 1995). Where on one hand, the advantages of globalization can be identified as reduced trade barriers and implementation of modern technologies; conversely, its disadvantages can be identified as inequality in payment of wages to workers being grouped as skilled and unskilled. To be illustrated, implementation of modern technologies can be observed to play a vital role in reducing the demand for the unskilled workers in the global platform which is further giving rise to income inequality amid different economies (Batterson & Weidenbaum, 2006). Recent studies (Atkinson, 2003; Alderson & Nielsen, 2002; Sala-i-Martin, 2002), based on the understanding of this particular issue in the current day context, have revealed that nations react in a distinct manner towards controlling income inequality, fundamentally depending upon their divergent social as well as economic features. For instance, the current trends have revealed that the US, as a developed nation is also facing the problem of income inequality which has further been recorded to augment with significant rapidity over the past few decades. This particular issue, within the context of US business environment, can further be illustrated with reference to the distribution of the organizational wages i.e. in accordance with the rising significance of higher level officials such as the Chief Executive Officers and skilled managers in comparison to the ground level laborers or front desk employees. It is worth mentioning in this context that the recent trends depict a contin uous increment in the wages paid to the skilled employees designated in the decision-making or managerial positions, but contradictorily, it also reveals that the low-skilled workers are receiving lesser wages at a stagnant rate.

Current Administrations Budget Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Current Administrations Budget - Essay Example a higher premium for Medicares prescription drug coverage, and increasing the amount of money drug manufacturers rebate to states for prescription drugs covered under Medicaid will comprise the proposal (â€Å"Obama 2010 budget highlights by agency,† 2009). Obamas budget indicated that the environment is a main concern by providing the largest increase for the Environmental Protection Agency in eight years. The proposal nearly triples — to $3.9 billion for funding states, local governments and tribes. They can use the money for the improvement of sewage treatment plants and drinking water systems and to protect drinking water sources. These programs already received $6 billion in the recently approved stimulus package. Starting in 2012, the budget proposes to invest $15 billion a year in clean energy — money created from auctioning permits to companies that emit the gases blamed for global warming. The rest of the climate cash will be returned to taxpayers. In another move that could increase energy prices, the EPA budget calls for reinstating taxes on petroleum products, chemical feedstocks and crude oil to pay for cleaning the countrys most harmful waste sites. These taxes expired in 1995. but would set up again in 2011 under Obamas budget (â€Å"Obama 2010 budget highlights by agency,† 2009). Proposed Budget on Energy and Climate Change: The Administration is extending a comprehensive energy and climate change plan to invest in safe and uncontaminated energy, terminate our addiction to oil, concentrate on the global climate crisis, and create new American jobs that cannot be outsourced. After enactment of the Budget, the Administration will work promptly with key stakeholders and the Congress will create an economy-wide emissions reduction program to lessen greenhouse gas emissions roughly 14 percent below 2005 levels by 2020, and approximately 83 percent below 2005 levels by 2050. The cap-and-trade system program will be implemented. This program

Reading Strategy Essay Example for Free

Reading Strategy Essay What Is It? To aid their comprehension, skillful readers ask themselves questions before, during, and after they read. You can help students become more proficient by modeling this process for them and encouraging them to use it when they read independently. Why Is It Important? Dolores Durkins research in 1979 showed that most teachers asked students questions after they had read, as opposed to questioning to improve comprehension before or while they read. In the late 1990s, further research (Pressley, et al. 1998) Revealed that despite the abundance of research supporting questioning before, during, and after reading to help comprehension, teachers still favored post-reading comprehension questions. Researchers have also found that when adult readers are asked to think aloud as they read, they employ a wide variety of comprehension strategies, including asking and answering questions before, during, and after reading (Pressley and Afflerbach 1995). Proficient adult readers: Are aware of why they are reading the text Preview and make predictions Read selectively Make connections and associations with the text based on what they already know. Refine predictions and expectations Use context to identify unfamiliar words Reread and make notes Evaluate the quality of the text Review important points in the text Consider how the information might be used in the future Successful reading is not simply the mechanical process of decoding text. Rather, it is a process of active inquiry. Good readers approach a text with questions and develop new questions as they read, for example: What is this story about? What does the main character want? Will she get it? If so, how? Even after reading, engaged readers still ask questions: What is the meaning of what I have read? Why did the author end the paragraph (or chapter, or book) in this way? What was the authors purpose in writing this? Good authors anticipate the readers questions and plant questions in the readers mind (think of a title such as, Are You My Mother? by P. D. Eastman). In this way, reading becomes a collaboration between the reader and the author. The authors job is to raise questions and then answer them – or provide several possible answers. Readers cooperate by asking the right questions, paying careful attention to the authors answers, and asking questions of their own. HOW CAN YOU MAKE IT HAPPEN? To help readers learn to ask questions before, during, and after reading, think aloud the next time you are reading a book, article, or set of directions. Write each question on a post-it note and stick it on the text you have the question about. You may be surprised at how many typically unspoken questions you ponder, ask, and answer as you read. You may wonder as you read or after you read at the authors choice of title, at a vocabulary word, or about how you will use this information in the future. You should begin to model these kinds of questions in the primary grades during read-aloud times, when you can say out loud what you are thinking and asking. Read a book or text to the class, and model your thinking and questioning. Emphasize that even though you are an adult reader, questions before, during, and after reading continue to help you gain an understanding of the text you are reading. Ask questions such as: What clues does the title give me about the story? Is this a real or imaginary story? Why am I reading this? What do I already know about___? What predictions can I make? Pre-select several stopping points within the text to ask and answer reading questions. Stopping points should not be so frequent that they hinder comprehension or fluid reading of a text. This is also an excellent time to model repair strategies to correct miscomprehension. Start reading the text, and ask yourself questions while reading: What do I understand from what I just read? What is the main idea? What picture is the author painting in my head? Do I need to reread so that I understand? Then reread the text, asking the following questions when you are finished: Which of my predictions were right? What information from the text tells me that I am correct? What were the main ideas? What connections can I make to the text? How do I feel about it? Encourage students to ask their own questions after you have modeled this strategy, and write all their questions on chart paper. Students can be grouped to answer one anothers questions and generate new ones based on discussions. Be sure the focus is not on finding the correct answers, because many questions may be subjective, but on curiosity, wondering, and asking thoughtful questions. After students become aware of the best times to ask questions during the reading process, be sure to ask them a variety of questions that: Can be used to gain a deeper understanding of the text Have answers that might be different for everyone Have answers that can be found in the text Clarify the authors intent Can help clarify meaning Help them make inferences Help them make predictions Help them make connections to other texts or prior knowledge As students begin to read text independently, you should continue to model the questioning process and encourage students to use it often. In the upper elementary and middle school grades, a framework for questions to ask before, during, and after reading can serve as a guide as students work with more challenging texts and begin to internalize comprehension strategies. You can use an overhead projector to jot notes on the framework as you think aloud while reading a text. As students become comfortable with the questioning strategy, they may use the guide independently while reading, with the goal of generating questions before, during, and after reading to increase comprehension. How Can You Stretch Students Thinking? The best way to stretch students thinking about a text is to help them ask increasingly challenging questions. Some of the most challenging questions are Why? questions about the authors intentions and the design of the text. For example: Why do you think the author chose this particular setting? Why do you think the author ended the story in this way? Why do you think the author chose to tell the story from the point of view of the daughter? What does the author seem to be assuming about the readers political beliefs? Another way to challenge readers is to ask them open-ended question that require evidence from the text to answer. For example: What does Huck think about girls? What is your evidence? Which character in the story is most unlike Anna? Explain your reasons, based on evidence from the novel? What is the authors opinion about affirmative action in higher education? How do you know? Be sure to explicitly model your own challenging questions while reading aloud a variety of texts, including novels, subject-area textbooks, articles, and nonfiction. Help students see that answering challenging questions can help them understand text at a deeper level, ultimately making reading a more enjoyable and valuable experience. As students become proficient in generating challenging questions, have them group the questions the time they were asked (before, during or after reading). Students can determine their own categories, justify their reasons for placing questions into the categories, and determine how this can help their reading comprehension. When Can You Use It? Reading/English Students who have similar interests can read the same text and meet to discuss their thoughts in a book club. Members can be given a set of sticky notes to mark questions they have before, during, and after reading the text. Members can then share their question with one another to clarify understanding within their group. Since students reading level may not necessarily determine which book club they choose to join, accommodations may need to be made, including buddy reading, audio recordings of the text, or the use of computer-aided reading systems. Writing  Good writers anticipate their readers questions. Have students jot down the questions they will attempt to answer in an essay or short story before they write it, in the order that they plan to answer them. Stress that this should not be a mechanical process – as students write they probably will think of additional questions to ask and answer. The key point is to have students think of themselves as having a conversation with the reader – and a big part of this is knowing what questions the reader is likely to ask. Math Students can ask questions before, during, and after solving a math problem. Have students think aloud or write in groups to generate questions to complete performance tasks related to mathematics. Social Studies Use before, during, and after questions when beginning a new chapter or unit of study in any social studies topic. Select a piece of text, and have students generate questions related to the topic. At the end of the unit of study, refer back to the questions and discuss how the questions helped students to understand the content. Science Use before, during, and after questions to review an article or science text. You can discuss articles related to a recent scientific discovery with students and then generate questions that would help them to focus their attention on important information. Lesson Plans Lesson Plan: Questioning, The Mitten This lesson is designed to introduce primary students to the importance of asking questions before, during, and after listening to a story. In this lesson, using the story The Mitten by Jan Brett, students learn how to become good readers by asking questions. This is the first lesson in a set of questioning lessons designed for primary grades. Lesson Plan: Questioning, Grandfathers Journey. This lesson is for intermediate students using the strategy with the book, Grandfathers Journey, by Allen Say. Lesson Plan: Questioning, Kokos Kitten This lesson is designed to establish primary students skills in asking questions before, during, and after they listen to a story. You can help students learn to become better readers by modeling how and when you ask questions while reading aloud the true story, Kokos Kitten, by Dr. Francine Patterson. This is the second lesson in a set of questioning lessons designed for primary grades. Lesson Plan: Asking Pre-Reading Questions This is a language arts lesson for students in grades 3-5. Students will learn about asking questions before reading and will make predictions based on the discussion of the questions. Lesson Plan: Asking Questions When Reading In this lesson, the teacher will read The Wall by Eve Bunting with the purpose of focusing on asking important questions. The students and the teacher will then categorize the questions according to the criteria for each.  © 2000-2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Original URL: http://www. teachervision. fen. com/lesson-plan/reading-comprehension/48698. html Asking Questions When Reading Grade Levels: 4 8 Lesson Summary. Generating questions plays a key role in the process of learning how to read, and then again in learning how to read better. There are so many question that students may have about the text that they encounter – questions about the authors style or purpose, questions about new vocabulary, questions about what might happen, etc. Students need to first begin to feel comfortable asking questions, then learn to ask the vital questions that will direct their focus and clear up confusion. In this lesson, the teacher will read The Wall by Eve Bunting with the purpose of focusing on asking important questions. The students and the teacher will then categorize the questions according to the criteria for each. Materials When you read the story ahead of time, write any questions that pop into your head on post-it notes and have them available. Provide large pieces of paper and post-its for students, and locate enough copies of the book The Wall for partners. Provide a piece of paper for each group of four students. Prepare a piece of chart paper titled QUESTIONS with different columns of categories: Questions that are answered in the text Questions that I have to make an inference to answer Questions that are not important to understanding the story. Questions that require research to answer Questions about the authors style Questions that clear up confusion Objectives: Students will ask questions before, during, and after reading. Students will categorize important vs. interesting questions with a focus on important questions. Procedure Explain that good readers ask questions before, during, and after reading to help them understand a story better. Today, were going to focus on asking questions. Present the book The Wall to the students and say, I will read the title, and the back cover and look at the illustrations and think of as many questions as I can. These are the questions that I have before reading. Read your prepared post-it notes to the students. Read the story to the children and think aloud, asking questions while reading. Stress that these are the questions you have during reading. Read your prepared post-it notes to the students. When you have finished reading the story, ask questions that pop into your head and stress that these are the questions that you have after reading. Read your prepared post-it notes to the students. Take your questions on post-its, think aloud, and categorize them in the appropriate column according to the type of question that you asked. The students partner-read and use post-its on pages where they have a question. Have partners narrow their questions down to two questions. Then have the partners share their questions with another paired group. The groups of four students choose one of their questions and write it on a larger piece of paper. Gather all students and have them share their questions. With help from the class, have students categorize their questions. Discuss the questions that are important vs. interesting, and have students focus on the important questions.  © 2000-2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Original URL: http://www. teachervision. fen. com/lesson-plan/reading-comprehension/48697. html Asking Pre-Reading Questions Grade Levels: 3 5 Lesson Summary This is a language arts lesson for students in grades 3-5. Students will learn about asking questions before reading and will make predictions based on the discussion of the questions. Students should be able to differentiate between a question and a statement, generate questions, and work in cooperative, heterogeneous groups. Objectives Students will brainstorm prior knowledge about the topic of a text Students will make predictions about the text by asking effective before reading questions in order to improve our reading comprehension. Key Understandings Asking and discussing questions will improve our comprehension of the text. Good readers ask questions before they read. Materials Two narrative texts Pre-reading Show Rubric Pledge Procedure Select two narrative texts, one will be used to demonstrate the before reading questioning strategy, the other will be used for guided practice. It may be easier to choose two texts by the same author or two texts of the same genre. Discuss the ways in which a pre-game show and asking questions before, during, and after reading are similar. Good readers are like sports casters. Just as sports casters discuss the sports event before, during, and after the game, good readers ask and discuss questions before, during, and after reading. This improves comprehension, or understanding, of the text. You may say something such as, Who has watched a football, basketball, or baseball game on television? Sports casters help us understand the game by discussing it. They discuss the game with us before the game, during the game and after the game. Before the game, there is a pre-game analysis. That means that the announcer gives us background information about the game, teams, players, and coaches. This information can be used to make predictions about the outcome of the game. During the game, the announcers provide play-by-play coverage. They discuss important or controversial plays to help us understand whats going on in the game and to explain how certain plays may affect the outcome of the game. They even provide replays of the most important events of the game to make sure we remember them. Finally, after the game, announcers interview the coaches and players to get different perspectives about how the game was played. They review the highlights of the game, confirm or disprove their predictions, and discuss the implications of the outcome of the game. Tell students they are going to focus on asking questions before they begin reading a text. If possible, show a video clip of a pre-game sports cast. Use the analogy of a pre-game show and before reading questions to help students ask effective before reading questions. As you generate questions for each topic. Spend some time wondering about the answers and making predictions about the book. Write your predictions about the book in a separate column. Identify a purpose for reading the text. Narrative = for literary experience/enjoyment Expository = for information Functional = to perform a task/follow directions. Examine the cover illustration and read the title, modeling how to ask questions. Write the questions on chart paper or on an overhead projector. Look at the author and model how to generate questions. Activate background knowledge by taking a picture walk with students. Cover the print with sticky notes, and think aloud as you model how to generate questions, make predictions, and build vocabulary by carefully examining and discussing the illustrations in the text. Ask questions about the setting, characters, events, and genre of the book. Pre-Game Show Questions Before Reading Predictions Team A vs. Team B What teams are playing? What do we know about these teams? Where are they from? Have we ever seen either team play? In your opinion, are they skilled? Is one team better than the other? Title of Story/Cover What topic might this story be about? What do we already know about this topic? Have we read any other books about this topic? Do we have any experience related to this topic? Where and when did we have the experience? Coach Who is the coach? What do we know about the coach? What teams has he/she coached in the past? What is his/her coaching style? Author Who is the author? Who is the illustrator? What books have he/she written or illustrated in the past? Can we describe the style of the author/illustrator? Have I ever read other texts by this author? If so, what do I remember about those texts? Stadium Where is the game being played? Who has the home field advantage? What are the current weather conditions? How will the weather conditions affect the game? Setting Where and when does the story take place? Is the place/time familiar or unfamiliar to us? Have we read any other stories with a similar setting? Players Who are the key players? What positions do they play? What are their skills? Characters Who are the main characters? What role might they play in the story? Can we predict some of their character traits by examining the illustrations? Plays What plays are the coaches likely to run? Events What events may take place in this story? Rules/Principles of Game What are the rules of the game? What are winning strategies? Genre of Text What genre of story is this? (fairytale, folktale) Have we read other stories of the same genre? What are the characteristics of this genre? Tell students that the class will read the story together tomorrow, and learn to ask new questions while they are reading to help understand the story. Guided practice Give students the opportunity to practice writing and discussing some before reading questions for a new story. Place students in 6 groups and have each group record or role play a pre-reading show for the new book, just as sports casters broadcast a pre-game show. 1. title/cover 2. author/illustrator 3. setting 4. characters 5. events 6. genre of literature Select student leaders to guide each groups through the process of examining the cover of the new story and taking a picture walk. Allow groups to discuss their topic. Students should generate two of their own before reading questions on their topic, and then share their questions and provide feedback to each other. Have groups include information from their prior knowledge and personal experience as they discuss the before reading questions, and have them discuss the possible answers and make predictions about the book. After each student has had the opportunity to formulate and write two questions, jigsaw the groups to form TV crews for a pre-reading show. Each TV crew should have six students, one student from each group, 1-6. Review the parts of the rubric. Provide a time limit for each TV show, and tell students that each show should include: an introduction of the members of the TV crew slogan, jingle, or music a discussion of their prior knowledge about the topic a discussion of each members questions predictions about the book from each member Give groups the opportunity to practice asking and discussing their questions before role playing or videotaping their show. If time permits, allow students to make larger visual aids to display during the discussion. Microphones can be made quickly from rolling paper into tubes. Sharing Ideas Distribute rubrics to the class. Allow students to score each TV crew as they present. Independent Practice Have students think of a younger child that they will spend time with this week. Have them think of a book that they can read to the child. Have students use some of the before reading questioning strategies they learned to help the younger child understand the story. Students can use this questions framework worksheet to help them with questions to ask before reading, and help the child make predictions. The worksheet reminds students to ask questions about the title and cover, author and illustrator, setting, characters, events and genre. Assessment Each group will be assessed using the scores from the presentation rubric, scored by their peers and teacher.  © 2000-2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Running Records Page Description: A running record is a way to assess a students reading progress by systematically evaluating a students oral reading and identifying error patterns. This template will help you track your students oral reading accuracy. Take advantages from kids that love harry potter Book Covers from Around the World: Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban Page Description: Enjoy comparing and contrasting colorful cover art for J. K. Rowlings Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban with this printable handout. Discuss the differences in interpretations from around the world with your students. Grade Levels: 2 7 Analyzing a Book Character Page Description: This chart of questions will help students analyze the cover art of a book. Use this worksheet when talking about the different cover art on each international edition of the Harry Potter books. Grade Levels: 3 – 8 Literacy Glossary Page 1 of 2 Accuracy Rate: This is the rate, shown as a percent, at which students accurately read the text. Concept Map: A concept map is a type of graphic organizer which allows students to consider relationships among various concepts. Often students are encouraged to draw arrows between related concepts enclosed in oval or other shapes. Error Rate: This is a ratio of errors to words in the text. Fluency: The rate and accuracy with which a person reads. Fluency results from practicing reading skills often and with a high rate of success. Formative Assessment: These tests are ongoing and based on the curriculum, providing a way to monitor student progress. They can be used to place students in groups, based on instructional needs. Frustrational Level: This is the level at which students are unable to read with adequate comprehension. Genre: A genre is a particular type of literature, such as narratives, poetry, dramas, or fables. Independent Level: This is the level at which students can read without assistance. Materials at this level should be chosen for independent reading, or fluency practice. Independent Reading Inventories: An informal formative assessment that provides graded word lists and passages designed to assess the oral reading and listening comprehension. Insertion: In a running record or informal reading inventory, this is a miscue in which students add another word when reading printed text. For example, if the sentence is: The dog played, the student reads: The happy dog played. Instructional Level: This is the level at which students can read with assistance from the teacher. Materials at this level should be chosen for reading instruction. Metacognition: This is thinking about ones own thinking, or being aware of ones own learning. When students are aware of how they think and learn, they can be taught to regulate their thought and learning processes. Omission: In a running record or informal reading inventory, this is a miscue in which students do not read a word or words in the printed text. For example, if the sentence is: The sky was bright blue, the student reads: The sky was blue. Onset: The part of a syllable that comes before the vowel of a syllable. The onset of the word box is /b/. Phoneme: the smallest unit of sound. It distinguishes one word from another (e. g. , man and fan are distinguished by the initial phoneme). Phonemic Awareness: This is a type of phonological awareness that involves the awareness and manipulation of individual sounds. Phonological Awareness: The auditory awareness of sounds, words, and sentences. The understanding that speech is composed of sentences made up of words. Words are comprised of syllables, and syllables are comprised of phonemes. Qualitative Data: Qualitative data consist of verbal or graphic descriptions of behavior and experience resulting from processes of observation, interpretation, and analysis. It is often comprehensive, holistic, and expansive. Qualitative Tools: These are tools that produce qualitative data consisting of verbal or graphic descriptions of behavior and experience resulting from processes of observation, interpretation, and analysis. Quantitative Data: Quantitative data consist of information represented in the form of numbers that can be analyzed by means of descriptive or inferential statistics. It is often precise and narrow data. Reading Conferences: Conferences conducted by teachers during independent reading time provide an opportunity to meet with a student to assess progress, to note reading strategies that are being used, monitor books being read, and to provide guidance in developing reading strategies. Rime: The part of a syllable that consists of its vowel and any consonant sounds that come after it. The rime of the word box is /ox/. Scaffolding: A scaffold is a supporting framework. Scaffolded learning is a teaching strategy that helps support students in their learning when they may have difficulties. A goal of scaffolded learning is to have students use a particular strategy independently. Screening Tests: These tests provide information that serves as a baseline. They are usually given to determine the appropriate starting place for instruction. Self-Correction: In a running record or informal reading inventory, this is a miscue in which students do not read a word or words correctly, but return to the text and read the word or words correctly. Self-Correction Rate: This is the ratio of self-corrections to errors when reading the text. Sound-Print Connection: Understanding the relationship between print and sound. Substitution: In a running record or informal reading inventory, this is a miscue in which students replace the printed word with another word. For example, if the sentence is: She said, No,' the student reads: She shouted, No. Summative Assessment: These tests are usually given at the end of a unit or at the end of the year. They assess a students strengths and weaknesses over a period of time.